欧佩克+希望美国加入减产协议

据彭博社4月6日报道，沙特阿拉伯、俄罗斯和其他大型石油生产国正在加紧谈判，以求达成一项协议，以阻止这场历史性的油价暴跌。与此同时，外交官们表示，谈判在周日已经取得了一些进展。

不过，谈判仍面临重大障碍:欧佩克及以上产油国的会议(一度被推迟)暂定于周四举行。俄罗斯和沙特阿拉伯希望美国加入，但美国迄今几乎没有表现出任何意愿。据两位知情人士表示，石油外交人士正在努力组织将于周五召开的20国集团(G20)能源部长会议，这是促使美国加入协议的努力之一。

随着全球原油需求锐减三分之一，今年以来，原油价格已经下跌了50%，这已经威胁到依赖石油经济的国家的稳定，威胁到美国页岩油生产商的生存，并对各国央行构成了额外的挑战。

国际能源署也在呼吁采取行动，如果不能达成一项有序的减产协议，市场将迫使产油国在石油储存空间耗尽的情况下削减产量。

国际能源署署长法提赫比罗尔(Fatih Birol)周日接受采访时表示：“我们看到石油市场供应严重过剩，有必要让20国集团行动起来。”

即使达成1000万桶/天的减产协议，也几乎无法缓解供应过剩的问题。据估计，目前的供应过剩产能高达3500万桶。在一些地区，现货市场价格已经转为负值，交易员们以创纪录的速度把石油装进油轮，储存在海上。

由于页岩革命，美国已成为世界上最大的石油生产国，沙特阿拉伯和俄罗斯都表示希望美国加入减产计划。

洪伟立 摘译自 彭博社

原文如下：

Oil Negotiators Race for Global Pact With U.S. Role in Balance

Saudi Arabia, Russia and other large oil producers are racing to negotiate a deal to stem the historic price crash as diplomats said some progress was made on Sunday.

The talks still face significant obstacles: a meeting of producers from OPEC+ and beyond -- delayed once -- is only tentatively scheduled for Thursday. Russia and Saudi Arabia want the U.S. to join in, but U.S. President Donald Trump has so far shown little willingness to do so.

Oil diplomats are trying to stitch together a meeting of G20 energy ministers for Friday, part of an effort to bring the U.S. on board, according to two people familiar with the situation.

Crude prices have fallen 50% this year, as the economic effects of the pandemic have knocked out about a third of global demand. The price crash is so dramatic that it’s threatening the stability of oil-dependent nations, the existence of U.S. shale producers, and poses an extra challenge to central banks.

Even the International Energy Agency, which represents nations that consume oil, is calling for action. Oil officials know that if a deal to cut supply in an orderly way isn’t reached, the market will simply force producers to slash output as storage space runs out.

“We see a huge oversupply in the oil market,” Fatih Birol, the head of the IEA, said in an interview on Sunday. “There’s a need for the G20 in the driving seat, led by current its current chair, Saudi Arabia.”

Even if a deal is struck for as much as 10 million barrels per day, that will barely dent the supply glut, which is estimated at as much as 35 million. In some corners of the physical market prices have already turned negative, and traders have been putting oil into tankers at a record pace to store it at sea.

Saudi Arabia and Russia both say they want the U.S., which has become the world’s largest producer thanks to its shale revolution, to join the cuts.