中东最大原油终端富查伊拉因石油过剩而关闭

据世界石油网站4月12日报道 由于疫情抑制了燃料需求，世界原油过剩，就连中东主要的石油贸易中心也没有储存多余石油的空间。

阿联酋富查伊拉的终端运营商表示，他们拒绝了贸易商和炼油商要求储存原油和精炼产品的请求，而一年前他们有足够的空间。港口的1400万桶商业原油储存能力只是沙特阿拉伯和阿布扎比为其国有石油公司提供的一小部分。

如果没有油轮租赁，贸易商作为媒人的角色将面临昂贵的限制，他们将这里的特定供应与那里愿意购买的买家联系起来。全球石油供过于求，使得交易更难平衡市场失衡，而今年原油价格大跌约一半，更是雪上加霜。

阿联酋国家开发银行驻迪拜的市场经济高级主管爱德华·贝尔表示：“如果油轮没有被租赁或封锁，那么交易员需要推迟原油的购买。反过来，这可能迫使生产关闭。”

存储需求是全球能源供应链中一个不起眼但必不可少的环节，目前处于多年来的最高水平。从新加坡到俄克拉荷马州的库欣，油罐里堆满了原油、汽油和其他产品，其中最重要的莫过于富查伊拉，这是世界上最高产的产油区的运输通道。

富查伊拉石油终端FZC的商业经理马莱克·阿齐兹说：“目前的容量肯定不够。”

即使沙特阿拉伯、俄罗斯和其他产油国达成一项暂定协议，每天至少减产1000万桶，也无法缓解富查伊拉的库存紧张。虽然这样的削减将部分抵消原油需求的减少，但Trafigura集团认为，随着各国延长对疫情封锁，石油使用量每天将下降多达3500万桶，约为全球正常产量的三分之一。

王磊 摘译自 世界石油

原文如下：

Oil glut closes Middle East’s largest crude terminal

With the coronavirus choking fuel demand and the world awash in surplus crude, even the Middle East’s main oil-trading hub has run out of room to store unwanted barrels.

Terminal operators at Fujairah in the United Arab Emirates say they’re turning down requests from traders and refiners to store crude and refined products, whereas a year ago they had ample space. The port’s 14 million barrels of commercial crude-storage capacity is just a fraction of what Saudi Arabia and Abu Dhabi provide for their state oil companies.

Without tanks to lease, traders face costly constraints on their role as matchmakers who link a specific supply here with a willing buyer there. The global oil glut is making it harder for traders to even out imbalances in the market, and the plunge in crude, down about half this year, is making matters worse.

“If tanks are leased or blocked, then traders need to push back on taking crude,” said Edward Bell, senior director for market economics at Emirates NBD PJSC in Dubai. That, in turn, could “force production shut-ins.”

Demand for storage, an unglamorous but essential link in the global energy supply chain, is at its highest in years. From Singapore to Cushing, Oklahoma, tanks are brimming with crude, gasoline and other products, nowhere moreso than in Fujairah, a gateway for shipments from the world’s most prolific oil-producing region.

“The current capacity isn’t enough, for sure,” said Malek Azizi, commercial manager at Fujairah Oil Terminal FZC.

Even a tentative deal between Saudi Arabia, Russia and other producers to trim output by at least 10 million barrels a day won’t ease the storage crunch at Fujairah. While such a cut would partly offset lost crude demand, Trafigura Group sees oil use plunging by as much as 35 million barrels daily -- roughly a third of normal global output -- as countries prolong lockdowns over the coronavirus.