全球待售油气资产储量超过125亿桶

据路透社6月3日报道，Rystad Energy估计，目前出售的油气资产可采储量中，液体燃料储量超过50亿桶和天然气储量超过75亿桶。虽然其中一些撤资计划是在油价暴跌之前宣布的，但更多是在需求暴跌后做出的。Rystad的评估不包括自19年第四季度以来宣布的非常规资产和美国境内资产。

当前所供应的大部分资源都处于生产阶段，其次是大量的未开发资源。换句话说，在当前原油价格较低的情况下，企业要么摆脱其成熟的投资组合，专注于关键项目，要么希望避免额外的绿地成本。

Rystad Energy高级上游分析师Siva Prasad表示："许多企业正试图剥离低优先级资产，而一些企业则认为现在是进入该行业或以较低价格收购这些资产以扩大投资组合的最佳时机。"

在全球范围内，大型石油公司占了近70%的液体燃料储量和50%的天然气储备。埃克森美孚(ExxonMobil)和雪佛龙(Chevron)在各大石油公司的撤资行动中最为积极，因为两家公司都在寻求实现其各自的撤资目标。

埃克森美孚正在为其在美国墨西哥湾、英国北海、德国、尼日利亚、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、罗马尼亚、阿塞拜疆、越南、乍得和赤道几内亚的上游资产寻找目标买家，这是该公司更广泛计划的一部分。该公司计划到2021年实现150亿美元的资产出售收入，到2025年实现250亿美元的资产剥离。

与此同时，雪佛龙(Chevron)正寻求出售其在尼日利亚8个区块(包括陆上和浅水区)的股权，这是其重塑投资组合的全球行动的一部分。这家美国石油公司还在考虑出售其在印尼深水天然气项目中的股权，这是其出售低优先级天然气项目战略的一部分，旨在控制长期成本。

道达尔还将出售其在尼日利亚OML 118海上区块12.5%的股权，该区块包括Bonga、Bonga Southwest和Aparo油田。道达尔希望到2020年在全球范围内出售资产，筹资50亿美元。

在Rystad的投资组合区域规划列表中，最突出的陆上投资组合是由道达尔和图洛石油公司提供的肯尼亚投资组合。这两家油气生产商计划联合出售位于肯尼亚南洛基查尔盆地(South Lokichar Basin)的10 BA、10 BB和13T区块的股权。在该项目的启动存在不确定性的情况下，这笔交易可能会让图洛石油完全退出该区块。与此同时，道达尔计划出售其在肯尼亚项目中所持25%股份的一半。整个项目的价值在12.5亿美元到20亿美元之间，但由于尚未收到开发的最终投资决定，无法获得准确的估值。

在待售储量方面，紧随各大石油巨头之后的是以日本Inpex为首的工业公司。该公司正考虑放弃澳大利亚业务，主要是围绕总值450亿美元的Ichthys液化天然气项目开展业务。尽管Inpex将出售其在澳大利亚的全部业务，但潜在的资产剥离交易不太可能包括整个投资组合。

随着澳大利亚石油和天然气产量持续下降，全球转向电动汽车，对碳氢化合物的长期需求前景黯淡，矿业集团必和必拓（BHP）正考虑出售其在维多利亚巴斯海峡油田的资产。拥有巴斯海峡油气田剩余股权的埃克森美孚（ExxonMobil）已于去年9月宣布，将出售该项目50%的股权。

据估计，还有10.4万平方公里的勘探面积可供争夺，潜在的勘探许可权益出售是各大公司、勘探与生产公司、工业公司和综合性公司销售的资产组合的一部分。在可供开发的勘探面积中，约83%为近海区块。

王佳晶 摘译自 路透社

原文如下：

Rystad Energy: reserves of global oil and gas assets for sale above 12.5 billion boe

Oil and gas companies currently have assets for sale with recoverable reserves of more than 5 billion bbl of liquids and 7.5 billion boe of natural gas, Rystad Energy estimates. While some of these planned divestments were announced before the Covid-19-related oil price crash, more were added in reaction to the pandemic and its aftermath.

Rystad's estimates look at divestment opportunities that exclude unconventional and US onshore assets, announced since 4Q19.

The majority of resources on offer are in the producing phase, followed by volumes of undeveloped resources in the pre-FEED stage. In other words, companies are either getting rid of their mature portfolio to focus on key projects, or want to avoid additional greenfield costs in light of the current low crude price.

“Many players are trying to divest their low-priority assets, while others are considering this the right time to break into the industry or expand their portfolios by acquiring these assets at a lower price,“ said Rystad Energy’s senior upstream analyst Siva Prasad.

The majors contribute nearly 70% of the liquid volumes and 50% of the gas reserves lined up for divestment globally. ExxonMobil and Chevron are the most active when it comes to divestments among the majors, as both companies seek to meet their respective divestment targets.

ExxonMobil is looking for interested buyers for upstream assets in the US Gulf of Mexico, the UK North Sea, Germany, Nigeria, Malaysia, Indonesia, Romania, Azerbaijan, Vietnam, Chad and Equatorial Guinea as part of its wider plan to generate US$15 billion by 2021 and US$25 billion by 2025 from divestments.

Meanwhile, Chevron is seeking to divest its equity in eight Nigerian blocks, both onshore and in shallow waters, as part of a global drive to reshape its portfolio. The American major is also considering selling its stake in the Indonesian Deepwater Development gas project as part of its strategy to sell its low-priority natural gas projects to control costs in the long term.

Total’s 12.5% stake in the Nigerian offshore block OML 118, which includes the Bonga, Bonga Southwest and Aparo fields, is also up for sale as part of the French major’s bid to raise US$5 billion from asset sales around the world by 2020.

The most prominent onshore package in Rystad's list of farm-in opportunities is the Kenyan portfolio being offered by Total and Tullow Oil. The two oil and gas producers aim to reduce their stakes in a joint sale of the blocks 10 BA, 10 BB and 13T in the South Lokichar Basin in Kenya. The sale could see Tullow exit the blocks completely amid uncertainty over the project’s launch. Total, meanwhile, aims to sell up to half of its 25% stake in the Kenyan project. The entire project is valued at between US$1.25 billion and US$2 billion, but a precise valuation is not available since the development is yet to receive a final investment decision.

When it comes to the reserve volumes put up for sale, the majors are followed by industrial companies led by Japan’s Inpex, which is considering farming out of its Australian operations, centered around the US$45 billion Ichthys LNG project, among others. Although Inpex is floating all of its Australian operations for sale, a potential divestment deal is unlikely to include the entire portfolio.

Along with Inpex, mining conglomerate BHP is considering a potential sale of its assets in Victoria's Bass Strait fields as its Australian oil and gas production continues to decline and the global shift towards electric vehicles paints a grim outlook for long-term demand for hydrocarbons. ExxonMobil, which owns the remaining stakes in the Bass Strait oil and gas fields, already announced in September last year that it would put its 50% stake in the project up for sale.

An estimated 104 000 km2 of exploration acreage is also up for grabs with potential exploration license sales being part of the asset packages marketed by majors, E&Ps, industrial companies and integrated companies alike. About 83% of the exploration acreage available for farm-in is offshore.