2019年美国20%的能源消耗来自非化石燃料

据全球能源新闻网7月4日报道，2019年，美国的总能源消耗为100万亿英热量单位(Btu)，仅略低于2018年创下的纪录，是美国有史以来年度能源消耗的第三高水平。2019年美国约20％的能源消耗来自化石燃料以外的其他来源。 根据美国能源信息署（EIA）的《月度能源评论》中的数据，2019年有几种能源消费创纪录：天然气，核能，风能和太阳能。

2019年，核能和可再生能源消费量的增加导致非化石能源占美国能源消费总量的比例上升到20%。随着煤炭、石油和天然气的开发，非化石能源的份额从19世纪中期的100%下降到20世纪60年代的6%，之后随着核能、水力发电、风能、生物燃料和太阳能的消费增长而缓慢增长。美国化石燃料消耗在2007年达到峰值，为86万亿英热单位，此后在2019年下降到80万亿英热单位，降幅为7%。

自1950年超过煤炭以来，石油一直是美国消耗最多的能源。美国的石油消费量仍低于2005年的峰值水平，最近在2019年达到了36.7万亿英热单位。

2019年美国可再生能源消费量达到了11.5万亿Btu，是130年来首次超过美国的煤炭消费量。 在过去十年中，可再生能源的最大增长是太阳能和风能发电。

2019年，风能超过水力发电成为美国最大的可再生能源消耗来源。2019年风能消耗的热能(2.7万亿英热单位)与19世纪中后期煤炭和石油燃料刚被开发出来，木材是美国主要的热能来源时，风能消耗的热能几乎相同。

注:核能通常被认为是另一种不可再生能源。虽然核能本身是一种可再生能源，但核电站使用的材料不是。核电厂中最常使用的材料是铀元素。 尽管在全世界的岩石中都发现了铀，但核电厂通常使用非常罕见的铀U-235。 铀是不可再生资源。

郝芬 译自 全球能源新闻网

原文如下：

IN 2019 20% OF US ENERGY CONSUMPTION CAME FROM NON FOSSIL FUELS

Overall energy consumption in the United States totaled 100 quadrillion British thermal units (Btu) in 2019, only slightly less than the record set in 2018 and the third-highest level of annual U.S. energy consumption ever. About 20% of U.S. energy consumption in 2019 came from sources other than fossil fuels. Several energy sources hit record consumption values in 2019, based on data in the U.S. Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) Monthly Energy Review: natural gas, nuclear, wind, and solar.

Increases in nuclear and renewables consumption in 2019 resulted in the nonfossil share rising to 20% of total U.S. energy consumption. As coal, petroleum, and natural gas were developed, the nonfossil share fell from 100% in the mid-1800s to 6% in the 1960s and has since slowly increased as consumption of nuclear, hydroelectricity, wind, biofuels, and solar have grown. U.S. fossil fuel consumption peaked at 86 quadrillion Btu in 2007 and has since fallen to 80 quadrillion Btu in 2019, a 7% decline.

Petroleum has been the most-consumed energy source in the United States since surpassing coal in 1950. U.S. petroleum consumption remains lower than its peak in 2005 and most recently totaled 36.7 quadrillion Btu in 2019.

U.S. renewable energy consumption in 2019 reached 11.5 quadrillion Btu, surpassing U.S. coal consumption for the first time in 130 years. The largest growth in renewables during the past decade has been solar and wind electricity generation.

In 2019, wind energy surpassed hydroelectricity to become the largest source of renewable energy consumption in the United States. The energy content of wind consumption in 2019 (2.7 quadrillion Btu) was nearly the same as the energy content of wood consumption in the mid- to late-1800s, when coal and petroleum fuels were first being developed and wood was the predominant energy source in the United States.

Note: Nuclear energy is usually considered another non-renewable energy source. Although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, the material used in nuclear power plants is not.

The material most often used in nuclear power plants is the element uranium. Although uranium is found in rocks all over the world, nuclear power plants usually use a very rare type of uranium, U-235. Uranium is a non-renewable resource.