石油巨头日减产幅度达100万桶

据路透社8月9日报道，由于疫情导致燃料价格和需求大幅下滑，全球五大石油公司第二季度合计将资产价值削减了近500亿美元，并大幅削减了产量。

资产估值的大幅下降和产出的下降显示了第二季度的石油行业的痛苦。全球燃料需求一度下降了30%以上，仍低于疫情爆发前的水平。

几位高管表示，他们之所以进行巨额减记，是因为预计需求在未来几个季度仍将继续受到打击，原因是目前的全球疫情已导致逾70万人死亡，人们出行减少，燃油使用量减少。

在这五家公司中，只有埃克森美孚没有出现大规模减值。但该公司报告称，正在进行的对其计划的重新评估可能导致其“很大一部分”资产受损，并预示着其石油和天然气储量将减少20%，即44亿桶。

相比之下，英国石油公司资产减记170亿美元。该公司表示，计划在未来几年将投资重点转向可再生能源，减少对石油和天然气的投资。

咨询公司Alarez & Marsal董事总经理Lee Maginniss表示，需求疲软意味着石油生产商必须重新审视商业计划。到2021年底，都将是是低成本生产模式，到2022年，在某种程度上，有新的发展计划正在考虑中。

总部位于伦敦的英国石油公司此前曾表示，计划到2030年底将总产量从目前的360万桶油削减约100万桶。

在这五家石油公司中，埃克森美孚是最大的石油生产商，日产量达364万桶，但其产量在第一季度和第二季度下降了40.8万桶/天。包括雪佛龙公司、荷兰皇家壳牌公司和道达尔在内的五大石油巨头，在前几个季度削减了总计250亿美元的资本支出。

4月份市场崩盘后，全球原油产量大幅下降。以沙特阿拉伯为首的石油输出国组织欧佩克与包括俄罗斯在内的盟国同意每日减产近1000万桶，以平衡市场的供需。

王佳晶 摘译自 路透社

原文如下：

Oil giants' production cuts come to 1 million bpd as they post massive writedowns

The world’s five largest oil companies collectively cut the value of their assets by nearly $50 billion in the second quarter, and slashed production rates as the coronavirus pandemic caused a drastic fall in fuel prices and demand.

The dramatic reductions in asset valuations and decline in output show the depth of the pain in the second quarter. Fuel demand at one point was down by more than 30% worldwide, and still remains below pre-pandemic levels.

Several executives said they took massive writedowns because they expect demand to remain impaired for several more quarters as people travel less and use less fuel due to the ongoing global pandemic that has killed more than 700,000 people.

Of those five companies, only Exxon Mobil (XOM.N) did not book sizeable impairments. But an ongoing re-evaluation of its plans could lead to a “significant portion” of its assets being impaired, it reported, and signal the elimination of 20% or 4.4 billion barrels of its oil and gas reserves.

By contrast, BP (BP.L) took a $17 billion hit. It said it plans to re-center its spending in coming years around renewables and less on oil and natural gas.

Weak demand means oil producers must revisit business plans, said Lee Maginniss, managing director at consultants Alarez & Marsal. He said the goal should be to pump only what generates cash in excess of overhead costs.

“It’s low-cost production mode through the end of 2021 for sure, and to 2022 to the extent there are new development plans being contemplated,” Maginniss said.

London-based BP has previously said it plans to cut its overall output by roughly 1 million barrels of oil equivalent (boepd) by the end of 2030 from its current 3.6 million boepd.

Of the five, Exxon is the largest producer, with daily output of 3.64 million boepd, but its production dropped 408,000 boepd between the first and second quarters. The five majors, which include Chevron Corp (CVX.N), Royal Dutch Shell (RDSa.L) and Total SA (TOTF.PA), also cut capital expenditures by a combined $25 billion between the quarters.

Crude output worldwide dropped sharply after the market crashed in April. The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, led by Saudi Arabia, along with allies including Russia, agreed to cut output by nearly 10 million barrels a day to balance out supply and demand in the market.