美国8月恢复能源净出口国地位

据每日能源网站9月21日消息：根据美国石油协会(API)的数据，尽管劳拉飓风造成了破坏，而且疫情存在不确定性，但美国在8月仍是净能源出口国。

API的《2020年8月月度统计报告》和《2020年第三季度工业展望》显示，原油和成品油进口量下降5.3%，至每天750万桶，出口量上升2.0%，至每天78万桶。在出口中，成品油480万桶/天，同比增长1.9%；原油300万桶/天，8月平均每天增加10万桶。

API首席经济学家迪安·福曼表示：“尽管市场仍然脆弱，但八月我们在关键指标的重新平衡和正常化方面取得了实质性进展。” “虽然劳拉飓风造成了破坏，但美国仍恢复了净出口国地位，这一点非常重要，因为它显示了国际需求的弹性，以及国内炼油商在大范围的经济衰退中越来越多地转向国内的低硫原油。”

随着人们重返工作岗位，美国8月石油需求微升至1830万桶/天，受汽车运输燃料需求上升和卡车运输活动增加带动。柴油需求环比增长4.2%，汽油需求环比增长1.5%。航空燃油需求疲弱的主要原因是航空燃油需求较上年同期下降逾46%，因航空旅行需求不振。

美国8月原油和液态天然气产量下降，因钻井活动降至2001年11月以来的最低水平。石油总库存增加0.2%，至14.6亿桶，但原油库存下降3.2%，至5.028亿桶/天。

冯娟 摘译自 每日能源

原文如下：

United States remains net exporter of energy in August despite challenges

Despite disruptions from Hurricane Laura and uncertainty related to the pandemic, the United States remained a net energy exporter in August, according to the American Petroleum Institute (API).

API’s August 2020 Monthly Statistical Report and Q3 2020 Industry Outlook said imports of crude oil and refined products decreased 5.3 percent to 7.5 mb/d and exports rose 2.0 percent to 7.8 mb/d. Among the exports, 4.8 mb/d was refined products, which increased by 1.9 percent m/m, while the remaining 3.0 mb/d was crude oil, up 0.1 mb/d m/m in August.

“Although the market remains fragile, we saw substantive progress in August towards the rebalancing and normalizing of key indicators,” API Chief Economist Dean Forman said. “The U.S. return to net exporter status despite disruptions from Hurricane Laura is significant in that it shows a combination of resilience in international demand coupled with domestic refiners increasingly turning to domestic sweet crude despite and in fact due to the pandemic-driven recession.”

As people returned to work, U.S. petroleum demand edged up to 18.3 mb/d in August, led by higher demand for motor transport fuels and increased trucking activity. There was a 4.2 percent monthly uptick in diesel demand, while gasoline demand rose by 1.5 percent m/m. The primary source of weakness was jet fuel demand, which was down more than 46 percent year-over-year due to depressed demand for air travel.

U.S. crude oil and natural gas liquids production went down in August as drilling activity fell to its lowest level since November 2001. Total U.S. petroleum inventories increased 0.2 percent in August to 1.46 billion barrels, but crude oil stocks fell 3.2 percent to 502.8 mb/d.